Title: Characteristics of shrinkage process for lowland medium decomposed peat soils

Authors: OLESZCZUK, R., SZATYŁOWICZ, J., BRANDYK, T., GNATOWSKI, T.

Keywords: shrinkage curve, horizontal, vertical and total shrinkage, shrinkage geometry factor

Abstract: The paper presents the characteristics of the shrinkage process (shrinkage curves, vertical, horizontal, total shrinkage and shrinkage geometry factor) for lowland medium decomposed moss, sedge, reed and alder peat collected from Biebrza Valley. For all considered peat types during the drying three phases of shrinkage process: structural, normal and residual were recognised. The highest total shrinkage (about 75%) for reed peat, the lower for moss and alder (about 65%) and the lowest for sedge peat (about 61%) were observed. The values of the horizontal shrinkage were lower than the values of vertical shrinkage for analysed peat types. According to the shrinkage geometry factor characteristic the moss, sedge and alder peats were shrinking anisotropy and the shrinkage of sedge peat was very closed to the isotropy (the same in all direction).

APA style references: Oleszczuk, R., Szatyłowicz, J., Brandyk, T. & Gnatowski, T. (2009). Characteristics of shrinkage process for lowland medium decomposed peat soils. Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 18 (1), 13-22.

APA style citation in text: The first time citation in text: (Oleszczuk, Szatyłowicz, Brandyk & Gnatowski, 2009), next citation: (Oleszczuk et al., 2009)

Chicago style references: Oleszczuk, Ryszard, Jan Szatyłowicz, Tomasz Brandyk, Tomasz Gnatowski. "Characteristics of shrinkage process for lowland medium decomposed peat soils." Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 43 ser., vol. 18, no 1, (2009): 13-22.

Chicago style citation in text: (Oleszczuk et al. 2009)

Bibtxt style references: @article{Oleszczuk_Szatyłowicz_Brandyk_Gnatowski_2009_PNIKS, author={Oleszczuk, Ryszard and Szatyłowicz, Jan and Brandyk, Tomasz and Gnatowski, Tomasz}, title={Characteristics of shrinkage process for lowland medium decomposed peat soils.}, journal={Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences}, URL={http://iks_pn.sggw.pl/PN43/A2/art2.pdf}, year={2009}, volume={18 (1)}, number={43}, pages={13-22}}

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